The hyperviscosity syndrome.

Recognizing hyperviscosity syndrome in patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia.

Hyperviscosity syndrome can develop in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias, particularly Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM). Occurring in 10%-30% of patients with hyperviscosity syndrome, WM is an uncommon B-cell proliferative disorder characterized by bone marrow infiltration and production of monoclonal immunoglobulin M. The elevated blood viscosity in WM is the result of increased circulati...

Double filtration plasmapheresis in a dog with multiple myeloma and hyperviscosity syndrome

A 12 year old, 38 kg, mix-breed, intact male dog presented with a 20 day history of clinical signs consistent with hyperviscosity syndrome secondary to multiple myeloma. The dog received three double filtration plasmapheresis treatments on day 0, 7 and 22 after presentation. A significant (p<0.05) reduction in serum total protein, alpha-2 and gamma globulins was found following each treatment. ...

Exertional Chest Pain and Dyspnea From Hyperviscosity Syndrome Related to Marginal Zone Lymphoma

Hyperviscosity syndrome is usually seen in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia with the serum viscosity > 4 cP. It commonly manifests as skin or mucosal bleeding, visual abnormalities and neurological symptoms. We describe a case of a 65-year-old man, who presented with chronic exertional chest pain and dyspnea without other manifestation and had hyperviscosity syndrome related to marginal zone lymph...

Polyclonal hyperviscosity syndrome in IgG4-related disease and associated conditions

Polyclonal hyperviscosity syndrome (HVS) is rare and has been reported in various disorders of immune dysregulation and lymphoid hyperplasia. IgG4-Related Disease (IgG4-RD) is an emerging disorder often associated with exuberant hypergammaglobulinemia, and this review of seven cases establishes IgG4-RD as an important cause of polyclonal HVS.

IgA pyroglobulin, hyperviscosity syndrome and coagulation abnormality in a patient with multiple myeloma.

A case of rheumatoid hyperviscosity syndrome with characterization of the serum immune complexes.

The clinical and immunologic data in a case of rheumatoid arthritis complicated by serum hyperviscosity are reported. The elevation in the serum viscosity was accompanied by the presence of intermediate immune complexes which were partially purified from the patient's serum by gel filtration chromatography. These complexes had a molecular weight of approximately 510,000 daltons and contained po...